Political science

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Language & Linguistics

#26 Linguistic analysis of Chinese political media discourse: structure, features and discursive practices

Abstract: The language of the electronic mass media and the printed press actively influences the formation of the language culture of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). This necessitates the unification of various linguistic areas and related humanitarian disciplines aiming to develop a single conceptual and categorical apparatus and substantiate the concept [...] Load More of “Chinese political media discourse” (CPMD). The research purpose is to develop and test an analytical concept of the Chinese political media discourse in terms of an interdisciplinary approach, which will cover its structure, features, and clarify discursive practices. The basis of the research methodology is an interdisciplinary approach. The methodological tools used include systemic, structural-functional, comparative-political, geopolitical, and cultural-civilizational approaches, methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, modeling, and observation. A number of linguistic methods was applied in the work: linguistic analysis of the text, the method of linguoculturological analysis; syntagmatic analysis, lexicographic method; critical discourse analysis; contextual analysis of the mass media text; elements of statistical processing of language material; descriptive method; semantico-stylistic method; computer analysis of materials of media texts; multimodal analysis; and method of comparative translation analysis. As additional methods, the following are used: multimodal critical discourse analysis, content analysis, and an informant survey (Chinese speakers), as well as a number of political science methods: the method of definitional analysis, index techniques, case study, and content analysis. The research material was the media texts of the Chinese media resources, including the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. A systematic, many-sided, and detailed description of the current state and changes that have taken place in linguistics over the past ten years was presented in view of the conceptualization of the phenomenon of “political Internet media discourse”, and its extrapolation to the phenomenon of “CPMD”; the main linguistic and discursive features of political Internet communication in China were revealed; and a description of the discursive practices of the CPMD was introduced into the scientific circulation of media Synology. The novelty of the research is the following: the concept of the “Chinese political media discourse” was formulated; for the first time, a comprehensive description of the CPMD structure and discursive practices as institutional and manipulative was carried out; for the first time, a sample of the evidence-based material of the Chinese political media segment (CPMS) was processed using the author-developed methodology; the author-developed methodology was first-ever applied when working with the Chinese-language media; for the first time in a comprehensive study, the methodology of computer analysis by means of QDA MINER and other mixed methods of research, was applied to the CPMD; it was proved that discursive practices in the Chinese media are often associated with the main foreign policy processes of the PRC, but not always, due to the complementarity of the processes of mediatization of politics and politicization of the media.
Keywords: foreign policy processes; Chinese media segment; computer analysis; linguistic research; media discourse; electronic mass media.
Date of publication: August 2024 / Deadline: 29 April 2024

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: language, linguistics, mass media.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus Q1, Q2 ; WoS (Emerging Sources Citation Index, Q3-4).

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Political science

#40-polit Special aspects of postmodern geopolitics as a phenomenon of the modern world order

Abstract: In the present context—and being the dominant geopolitical force—the USA is building the world order based not on the military doctrines declared by the American administration. However within the framework of postmodern geopolitics, resorting to a new level of indirect geostrategic influence. As a result, interstate confrontation is becoming increasingly [...] Load More complex and dynamic. Thus, the transformation of modern conflicts associated with the use of new technologies and the involvement of civil and military components in the war leads to substantive differences between the “new wars” and the “old wars,” making it important to understand the cause of this change. Such a task requires an in-depth scientific understanding of the phenomenon. The purpose of this study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis and conceptual substantiation of the tools and mechanics of postmodern geopolitics. The review of relevant scholarly and historical literature allows us to understand the underlying goal of postmodern geopolitics and delivers organized and practical implementation at a global level. The method of deconstruction is used to substantiate the content of culture as a crucial instrument of postmodernism with its accompanying consumerism, dehumanization, amoralism, and nihilism introduced into the minds of people and aiming to destroy the moral foundations of human society. This was developed over the centuries and resulted in a mental transformation within civilizations. The main characteristics of global cultural values under the influence of the spread of postmodern geopolitics are substantiated. The method of deductive analysis and deconstruction is used to identify and disclose the content of the main instruments of postmodernism in order to create a mass culture in the world and redefine the primary traditional foundations of society. The tools of geopolitics and postmodernism and the peculiarities of their practical use in modern conditions are argued, the foremost of which are hybrid and preemptive and are concerning conscientious wars and colored revolution. Using aspect analysis, the authors present their arguments and their goals—universal principles of implementation and ideological foundations within the strategy of global politics of postmodernism—to justify and legitimize in the public consciousness the aggressive essence of peacekeeping operations in order to protect human rights and democracy and to conduct humanitarian missions and interventions. The results obtained are of a conceptual nature and can be useful in identifying the global threats of postmodernism and in developing effective strategies of the geopolitics of domestic space in order to preserve national identity and historical and moral reference points.
Keywords: Geopolitics, postmodernism, world order, hybrid war, culture, colored revolution, cultural values.
Date of publication: August 2024 / Deadline: 29 April 2024

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Social Sciences.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus Q3.

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#38-polit Dominant directions of transformation in the society’s system of social values in the post-industrialism era

Abstract: The paper is of scholarly relevance because value orientations play a significant role in the society’s consolidation; its social, cultural, and economic development; and its character development. The objective of this article was to determine the dominant directions of the transformation in the system of the society’s values in the post-industrialism [...] Load More era. The theoretical analysis allowed to determine historical conditions of the emergence and development of the post-industrial society, peculiarities of the formation of its social attitudes, and priority characteristics of its political, economic, and sociocultural models. Special attention was paid to value aspects of the post-industrial society’s development. Drawing on Inglehart’s post-materialism theory and Khvylya-Olinter’s research on the value system of the American society, the authors identified the trends of the change in value orientations associated with the formation of the post-industrial society. The other factors that were analyzed included positive manifestations in the social sphere, such as the growth of economic security and social stability, quality improvement education, and the expanding access to information and modern technologies. The critical analysis of the scientific literature made it possible to highlight the change in the society’s value orientations system, such as the liberalization of beliefs, development of emancipative values, trans-nationalization and globalization of social patterns, and the increasing role of the social component in social processes. The results of these trends include the formation of a more tolerant society and the emergence of new social phenomena; including consumerism, hedonism, and sexual revolution; which have formed a post-classical approach to defining the society’s value system. As a counterbalance to value diversification during post-industrialism, this article emphasizes the media’s imposition of the same type of needs and the resulting values, focusing not on morality and spirituality but on values of consumption and material wealth. The paper presents positive and negative directions of the media’s influence on the formation of the value system. In addition, it substantiates the role of information technologies, which developed during the post-industrialism period, in the formation of social patterns. Along with ambiguous changes in the system of individual values during post-industrialism era, the other aspects that were considered include the increase in the role of social factors in international relations and the formation of cosmopolitanism. The study reveals the theoretical basis for development of axiology in the post-industrial society and applies nature as a tool for adjusting the system of formed values in the society, while taking into account more significant values whose importance decreases in the post-industrialism era.
Keywords: values, post-industrialism, social patterns, consumerism, sexual revolution, cosmopolitanism
Date of publication: August 2024 / Deadline: 29 April 2024

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Social Sciences.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus Q2

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#37-polit Contradictory attitudes of French society toward Philippe Pétain’s political achievements

Abstract: In scientific research, distortion of the content of historical phenomena is quite common. This trend is most closely associated with historical figures that played a significant role in the days of the Great War. Therefore, the purpose of this study was a conceptual substantiation of historical facts and the contradictory attitude of French society [...] Load More to the political merits of Marshal Philippe Pétain. The deconstruction method allowed presenting the chronological sequence of the contradictory opinions of the heads of France, the media, historians, and politicians from 1951 to 2018 about Pétain. The concepts of the “Pétain case” and “two Pétains” are presented as the fundamental historical definitions of this paper and characterize the acute contradiction in relation to Pétain in society, considering his military merits in the Battle of Verdun during the First World War and simultaneously making him responsible for the defeat of France in 1940 as head of the Vichy regime during the Second World War. The axiomatic method was used to differentiate the viewpoints of historians related to the marshal according to the criteria of the political significance of a historical figure for France during the Second World War. The apperception method allowed revealing the inconsistency in remembering Pétain by the majority of the Presidents of France, including the incumbent President Macron. The paper demonstrates the growing tendency of antagonism between the views of French politicians on the one hand and the media and Jewish public organizations on the other hand in relation to the political significance and merits of the marshal. Historical facts unmask the inappropriate interpretation and attitude of French society to the history of their country during the Second World War—the commitment of the political elite to ideological dogmatism—as Philippe Pétain remains the hero and savior of France. He is also simultaneously perceived as a traitor and a symbol of cooperation with the enemy. It is not yet possible to combine these two aspects, but the fact that mentioning the name of Pétain at the political level without unequivocal condemnation still evokes such serious turmoil in France shows that some contradictions continue to live on and grow stronger. The results of the study may be useful to historians and political scientists in arguing the historical facts of Marshal Pétain’s political significance.
Keywords: France, society, marshal, Philippe Pétain, “Pétain case”, World War I, World War II, political achievements
Date of publication: August 2024 / Deadline: 29 April 2024

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Social Sciences.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus Q3.

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#31-polit Modern models of the world order: the prerequisites for their emergence and prospects for implementation

Abstract: The dynamism of the socioeconomic and political spheres and the changing role of the superpowers have made it necessary to study current models of the world order and the prospects for their implementation. The purpose of the paper was a retrospective and prospective analysis of the trends in the formation of world order models under the influence of [...] Load More the largest states in the world (the USA and China). The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of Chinese and American models of socioeconomic development. The analysis—carried out by criteria of power centralization and redistribution of public goods, development of market relations, priority form of property—has testified to diametrical opposition of these models and further viability of the American model as isolation of capitalism. The communist model, as history has shown, turned out to be a utopian one, not allowing for such social efficiency as the capitalist model. Using retrospective analysis, the tendencies of development and peculiarities of adaptation of the largest countries in the world, which largely determine the political and economic world creation, to the volatile conditions of the world system functioning in the conditions of globalization were determined. The analysis allowed determining that the catalyst on the way to entering the world system for many developing countries was the development of free trade. The opening of markets facilitated the integration of countries as suppliers of raw materials, labor, investors, and participants in international associations. The main negative factors for developing countries are the export-orientation of their economies and the reduction of the role of national sovereignty in the context of globalization, the observance of which is possible only for the most socioeconomically developed, politically stable, system-forming countries on a global scale. The model of the world order proposed by China, based on the creation of a more equitable and reasonable model of globalization, satisfying the interests of developed and developing countries based on “big data” and digital technologies, seems most likely, given the current trends of development. The results define scenarios of world order development in the future, probability of creation of a new system of international relations, and the world order considering policy of EU, the USA, and China, which can serve as a tool of strategic planning on the national and supranational levels.
Keywords: world order, world system, globalization, developed countries, developing countries, capitalist model
Date of publication: August 2024 / Deadline: 29 April 2024

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Social Sciences.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus Q3.

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#29-polit Effectiveness of nonformalized interstate alliances as alternative structures for addressing global security issues

Abstract: Under the conditions of high turbulence in political, social and economic relations between countries, the traditional systems of organization and functioning of international organizations cannot cope with the new global challenges. This, in turn, strengthens the role of nonformalized structures in solving problems at the global level. Therefore, the [...] Load More aim of the study was to provide a conceptual substantiation of the effectiveness of informal interstate associations as alternative structures for solving problems of global security. Historical and logical analysis allowed investigation of the role of nonformalized interstate associations, and discussion of the main reasons for their formation in the modern system of international relations. The content analysis of declarative documents was used to characterize and systematize the basic parameters and key principles of informal political agreements of the participants, which have the status of international treaties of the highest level to ensure global security. The method of logical generalization helped outline the direction of the impact of BRICS, G20 and G7 on the countries that are not parties to these informal international agreements. A comprehensive, comparative analysis of territorial socioeconomic indicators such as share of world population, GDP, and level of economic "density" of each territory allowed assessment of the economic potential of BRICS, the G20 and the G7. It was found that the economic potential of the participants of informal intergovernmental structures demonstrated multidirectional trends, and revealed a direct link between the volume of mutual trade and the effectiveness of implementation of common economic projects and initiatives. The method of deduction allowed revealing the “club-like” nature of the highest level multilateral institutions, which provides the optimal joint solution for the problems of insiders, rather than outsiders. The reasons for the lack of fundamental differences between the G7 and G20 are discussed, in terms of transferring the governing impulses of global governance from the highest level to the mega-regional level. The results obtained have practical value both to international organizations in order to increase their economic potential, and to initiative groups of different countries to form new nonformalized structures. They may be useful in developing strategies to increase the effectiveness of political intergovernmental agreements to ensure security at the global level.
Keywords: nonformalized interstate associations, BRICS, G20, G7, global security, international organizations, political agreements
Date of publication: September 2024 / Deadline: 29 April 2024

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Social Sciences.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus Q2-3; WoS (Emerging Sources Citation Index).

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#28-polit An approach to assessing the impact of corruption on political stability, taking into account the specifics of a country’s socio-economic development

Abstract: The events of 2014 in Thailand, Ukraine, Venezuela, and Bosnia opened up new facets of the impact of corruption not only on economic growth, the quality of the educational process, unemployment, and crime rates but also on changes in political power. The purpose of this research is to empirically substantiate the degree of corruption’s social and political [...] Load More destabilizing influence in countries with different levels of economic development and different cultural values. A review of the relevant scholarly literature enabled the formation of a system of indicators of empirical assessment of the impact of corruption on the level of political stability. The research sample consisted of 168 countries with a wide range of levels of socio-economic development. To test the hypothesis that a corrupt regime is less stable than a non-corrupt one, the methods of binary logistic regression and decile regression analysis were used. By using multiple logistic regressions, we confirmed the hypothesis that the frequency of attempts to violently change a country’s leadership (whether central or local) depends not on its level of corruption but on its level of economic development. In addition, by means of multiple logistic regressions that replaced the corruption index with a 10-point index of the perceived corruption, the potential for reducing corruption as a possible means of strengthening political stability was assessed. The contents of the extreme levels of corruption in the context of each country under study were determined and substantiated, taking into account the country’s level of their socio-economic development, and do not have a destructive impact on the growth of the national economy. Comparative analysis of changes in the indicators of economic development and the stability of political regimes with the growth of corruption in the countries under study revealed that the level of corruption has almost no impact on the average rate of economic growth but does have a triple negative impact on the sustainability of the country’s development. The multifactor correlation analysis method argues for the differential impact of corruption on economic growth under the influence of cultural features. On the basis of generalization and logical inference, potential risks of a possible halt to the country’s development if the level of perception of corruption rises to 50–60 points are argued. The results obtained have theoretical and practical value, significantly expanding the fundamental knowledge of corruption as a factor in destabilizing power. They can be useful for state authorities to diagnose the level of corruption in their jurisdiction.
Keywords: political corruption, economic growth, cultural values, socio-economic development, political stability, national economy, political regime
Date of publication: September 2024 / Deadline: 29 April 2024

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Social Sciences, Environmental Science, Energy, Green & Sustainable Science & Technology.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus Q2; WoS IF 2.5.

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#27-polit The theory of self-organized criticality as a factor in shaping the political agenda in society in the information space of social networks

Abstract: Political processes have a significant impact on the development of society, so monitoring the direction of those processes is an important factor in ensuring the sustainability and effectiveness of a country's political regime, particularly its political agenda. With global digitalization, the role of social media as a central space for shaping and [...] Load More disseminating information about crucial issues and questions on the political agenda is rapidly increasing. Moreover, in just the next decade, the amount of information about political processes may increase 50-fold, thus making it no longer possible to work effectively with massive bodies of information using traditional methods. The explosive growth of political information flows around the world requires not only the development of new means of storing it but also the construction of fundamentally different models of processing, searching, analyzing, and using it. The aim of the present study is to conceptualize the use of the theory of self-organized criticality (SOC) as a factor in shaping the political agenda in society in the information space of social networks. A review of the relevant scholarly literature enabled using the approaches of the theory of SOC and methods for identifying pink noise as the main element in SOC. By means of spectral analysis of empirically identified dynamic series, the presence of pink noise in the daily reposting activity on the example blog platform Continentalist and its representation group on Facebook between 2013 and 2019 was identified, which confirms the hypothesis that this community functioned in the SOC mode for a long period and was capable of generating information avalanches. The method of observation proves that the increase in activity is a characteristic feature of the internal potential of SOC and does not depend on the objective significance of the information occasion. Based on the power trend method as a parameter of indirect confirmation of the presence of SOC in society, the platform’s authors rating was analyzed to identify the propensity of communities to information avalanches. It is stated that communities functioning in the SOC mode are real social groups with a high level of involvement of participants in information avalanches, connected with one another by relations of reflexivity, poorly amenable to centralized management, and having a significant impact on the formation of the political agenda. It is determined that the indicator of the power law can serve as a tool for diagnosing the predisposition of network activity to information avalanches. The results obtained are of practical value for state and local authorities and can be used to solve a wide range of tasks of an applied nature to identify and monitor avalanche-prone objects, periods, sources, and channels of dissemination of the political agenda.
Keywords: self-organized criticality theory, pink noise, social media, political agenda, information avalanches, network activity
Date of publication: September 2024 / Deadline: 29 April 2024

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Social Sciences.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus Q1-2.

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#26-polit Self-organized criticality theory as an effective tool for tracking protest movements on social media

Abstract: In the context of global digitalization, a significant transformation is occurring in the mechanism for the spread of protest movements, political radicalism, and extremism. The spread of these phenomena is fully or partially transitioning to the virtual space, raising issues for the timely identification or prediction of mobilization criteria, as well [...] Load More as the detection of early signs that such criteria are being met. In this regard, the theory of self-organized criticality (SOC) may be useful for studying the activities of groups on social media by identifying bifurcation points based on dynamic series; these represent the changes over time in the key parameters of the system. As such, SOC theory can be efficacious for identifying the states of network communities. The purpose of this study is to conceptualize the application of SOC theory to determine the sentiment of an online protest movement. A review of relevant literature published by the Fractal Modeling Center allows the author to identify the major problems associated with defining, extracting, presenting, and processing extensive data for the purposes of network research based on SOC theory. Through critical analysis, some solutions are proposed to overcome these problems. Following a process of deduction, the paper puts forward a hypothesis concerning the pink noise in the activity of protest network clusters (connected groups on social media) on the evening prior to and during information avalanches and violent street movements. To test the hypothesis through cluster analysis, several clusters of protest communities are empirically determined. To compare different chronological segments, the studied dynamic series are graded into several sub-periods. Two clusters of connected communities, forming repost trees numbering 52 and 73 groups, are constructed through cluster analysis to study the structure of the channels through which social initiatives are disseminated on Facebook. An observational method is employed and over 60 Facebook groups are surveyed during a 3.5-month period to examine the mechanisms for refocusing public attention (that is, non-linear effects when the political agenda shifts). The results of the study confirm that pink noise precedes and accompanies the largest street protests with violent actions by protesters. The results are of practical significance for states and local authorities, with value for assisting the timely determination of activity among protest movements, the development of effective mechanisms to contain these movements, and for identifying the sentiment of the masses on social media.
Keywords: protest movements, self-organized criticality theory, cluster, Internet, pink noise, mass media, social masses
Date of publication: September 2024 / Deadline: 29 April 2024

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Social Sciences.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus Q3.

 

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#23-polit Characteristics of the Saudi model of development as a model for the Islamic Ummah

Abstract: The phenomenon of the Arab Spring marked the beginning of the transformation of the Middle Eastern order, intensifying the competition between powers, such as the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Saudi), Turkey, and Iran, for the Islam world's leadership and the implementation of their development models in countries of the Middle East and North Africa. Considering [...] Load More that the development models are based on different versions of the Islamic religion, further development of the statehood and political course in the Islamic Ummah countries will depend on one power's dominance. Therefore, the study aimed to conceptualize the Saudi development model's characteristic features as a future model for the Islamic Ummah’s countries. The concrete historical method was used to identify and characterize the features of Saudi’s political system. This characterization included the role of the royal family and the ulama in political processes, the presence of elements of democracy, and the ways of implementing the Islamic principle of justice into the state. Casual analysis confirmed the proposed hypothesis that Wahhabism is a pillar of the modern Saudi state, and that Riyahd’s ideology on which the Saudi model of development is based can be offered as a template for the future development of the Islam world. Comparative content analysis of the postulates of the Quran, the Sunna, and Saudi’s official documents identified that Saudi’s foreign policy is based on pragmatic interests rather than Islam's dogmas. Deductive analysis revealed that the primary tool of soft power policy is religious diplomacy, and the content analysis substantiated religious diplomacy in the state's foreign policy. Achievement of Saudi’s political goals using Hajj are argued, and the key objectives of Riyadh's development assistance policy are examined. Quantitative analysis of Saudi's assistance as part of international development assistance programs that implement various projects in Islam world’s countries identified the leaders and outsiders of funding, and the argument that Saudi uses funding to strengthen its credibility in various regions of the world is proposed. The Saudi development model's main advantages and disadvantages are analyzed using the method of deduction and generalization, and possible scenarios for future developments in the Kingdom are argued. The obtained results may prove useful in formulating forecasts and the political substantiation of the situation in the Islamic Ummah countries, as well as in the development of higher education academic programs for political science students.
Keywords: Saudi Arabia, Islamic Ummah, Islamic religion, Saudi model of development, Islam world, Wahhabism, foreign policy, Hajj, religious diplomacy
Date of publication: September 2024 / Deadline: 29 April 2024

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Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Arts and Humanities.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus Q1; WoS (Arts & Humanities Citation Index).

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