Sociology

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Sociology

#4-soc A sociological study of professional independence factors in the social and labor relations of British society

Abstract: The article's purpose is a sociological analysis of factors affecting the degree and properties of professional independence of employees and self-employed persons. Methods: Using cohort and comparative sociological research methods, the factors determining the professional independence of employed persons in the UK are identified and justified. The [...] Load More analytical examination was done for three periods: 2019, 2020, and 2021, in the context of two focus groups (employees and self-employed persons). Results: The types of professional independence were identified. The internal and external factors determining the independence degree of labor behavior were established. The differences in the context of external factors related to the working environment and workplace organization for self-employed persons compared to employees are highlighted. The difference in self-assessments regarding the degree of professional freedom in the labor sphere is discussed, both in the context of the groups examined and periods. The major trends in self-employment development are outlined as catering to a stable social-employee group in the labor market. Conclusion: The study showed that the degree of professional freedom closely correlates to the social processes developing in British society in recent decades. The outcomes of the study show different results for various periods. These are consequences of the higher social status of the employed in the labor market. Scientific novelty: The direct proportional dependence of the professional freedom level and the level of professional and job features in the process of labor activity is empirically substantiated.
Keywords: Great Britain, employees, self-employed, professional independence, labor relations, freedom, external factors, sociological analysis.
Date of publication: Summer 2023 / Deadline: 31 March 2023

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Social Sciences.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus (Q2); WoS (Emerging Sources Citation Index).

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#3-soc Social adaptation of life value system in young people in the sociocultural community of France

Abstract: The article’s objective is to justify the relationship of life values in French youth with various culture types and elements of the sociocultural regulation mechanism. Methods: The personal interview method was used to reveal the influence of elements of the sociocultural regulation mechanism and cultural types on the life values of young people during [...] Load More their social adaptation to adulthood. The descriptive method was used to classify the cultural types and vital elements of the sociocultural regulation mechanism. Results: The fundamental components of the mechanism of sociocultural regulation are justified. The authors discuss the features of various elements in forming the cultural space and the value system of young people. The cultural and semantic types that dominate the youth environment in France are outlined. They reflect the specific characteristics of the consciousness and life activity of young people. Empirically, the correlation of cultural types and life attitudes with archetypes was revealed, and the correlation of life values with young people’s mental traits and habitus. It was found that the spiritual culture, the culture of physical development, and the adaptive culture have the most significant influence on the self-regulation of young people’s life goals between the culture types. The most influential archetypes are the idealization of the past, fate, and the good. Conclusion: It is revealed that the life priorities of most young people are based on traditional cultural values they inherited within the collective unconscious and which are consciously modified, following the needs of young people, and demonstrating the tendencies to rationalization. Scientific novelty: The relationship between the meaning of life of the young generation and cultural-semantic types in the process of compensatory relationship between the conscious and unconscious is empirically substantiated.
Keywords: France, youth, life values, sociocultural regulation, cultural and semantic types, social adaptation.
Date of publication: Summer 2023 / Deadline: 31 March 2023

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Social Sciences.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus (Q2); WoS (Emerging Sources Citation Index).

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#2-soc A sociological study of student performance factors in the German higher education system

Abstract: The article's objective is the sociological analysis of low student performance factors in professional competencies' development in the German higher education system. Methods: The sociological survey method was used to identify the factors of students' academic performance using the example of 53 universities. The sociological survey was conducted [...] Load More in several stages from 2019 to 2021. The interviews covered 1,860 university students. Five focus groups were formed by sample sociological inquiry and setting quotas in students' qualification training. Students and teachers from 7 Berlin universities were interviewed. Results: The components of student academic performance in German universities have been justified, and the key characteristics of its low level have been revealed. The essence of the notion of "students’ impromptness” is claimed as featuring the low level of student academic performance within the period of their professional competencies development. The factors of low academic performance in the educational process are identified. The areas of the potential hazard of a low-level academic performance are defined. These are regarded as a dynamic subordinated process of risk generation that comprises the student, the higher education system, and the socio-economic system. The direct proportion of the motivation to study and students’ trust in all structural components of the higher education system is assumed. Conclusion: Under current conditions, trust in the educational environment as a cognitive component of students’ professional competencies is the primary factor of students’ academic performance, motivating continuous learning. Scientific novelty: The direct proportion between students’ cognitive abilities and the level of their academic performance in the learning process is empirically justified.
Keywords: Germany, trust, academic performance, higher education system, motivation, competencies, sociological analysis.
Date of publication: Summer 2023 / Deadline: 31 March 2023

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Social Sciences.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus (Q2); WoS (Emerging Sources Citation Index).

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#1-soc Sociological analysis of the indigenous people’s attitude towards immigrants and the changes they bring: the case of 23 European countries

Abstract: The purpose of the article is to conduct a sociological analysis of the attitude of indigenous citizens residing in some Eastern European countries to migrants and the influence they exert on the socio-economic situation in the country of arrival. Methods: A sociological study was carried out, covering a total sample of respondents amounting to 50,000 [...] Load More people from 23 European countries. Random or stratified random sampling techniques were applied. Data weighting was implemented using combined population and design weights. Results: Based on the 2016-2020 research, it was found that Hungary, the Czech Republic and Russia are countries with the most negative attitude towards immigrants and immigration; the most negative assessments of the changes brought by immigrants are common in these countries. Positive assessments are recorded in Iceland and Sweden. The Scandinavian countries (Iceland, Sweden and Finland) are most tolerant in this regard. The research revealed groups of factors that had the greatest influence on the formation of the indigenous population’s attitude towards immigrants: firstly, cultural factors (values and beliefs of the people living in the studied countries); secondly, economic factors (competition in the labor market, income level, GDP level, share of immigrants in the population); thirdly, socio-demographic factors (gender, age, educational level, type of settlement), and fourthly, contextual factors (religion, political orientation, mass media influence). Conclusions: The study of the influence of all of the above factors on the attitude towards immigrants in Europe revealed that the economic factor exerts the strongest influence. Scientific novelty: The conducted sociological and factor analysis made it possible to establish that the perception of immigrants by the indigenous inhabitants of several European countries is influenced by the specifics of the economy, historical characteristics, the intensity of immigration flows in each country, and the ethnic hierarchy of arriving immigrants. This allows the authors to assert that it is impossible to develop a common immigration policy for all European countries that considers all the reasons for anti-immigrant sentiments.
Keywords: sociological analysis, European countries, immigrants, immigration policy, indigenous people.
Date of publication: Summer 2023 / Deadline: 31 March 2023

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Sociology, Migrants, Political Science.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus (Q1-2); WoS (Social Sciences Citation Index, Q2-3) and WoS (Science Citation Index Expanded Q2-3), IF 3.2.

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Biology

#25-psy Meaningful Life Tasks in the Context of the Development of Personal Characteristics

Abstract: Today, the process of socialization is accompanied by an instability of personal values and an uncertainty about life’s meaning and purpose. The problem of overcoming this psychological contradiction, against the need, possibility and necessity to live a meaningful life, is becoming increasingly important in the context of personal and social development. [...] Load More Therefore, researching psychological indicators of personal development is of special interest in this study. The aim of the paper is to empirically prove the interaction between personal identity and the ability to accomplish meaningful life tasks, based on a method of apperception. Characteristics of crucial life tasks, as well as contradictions affecting personality formation through socialization, were identified, and parameters around personality development and forms of meaningful life experiences were established. Analysis of these specifications helped clarify the definition of a meaningful life-state through a systematic framework of the subjective properties of personality development through socialization. Questionnaire methods, and psychodiagnostic techniques to ascertain personality characteristics, formed a sample of indices for empirical evaluation. This was to identify any correlation between a person's psychological state and their ability to perform meaningful life tasks. A representative sample of respondents included 142 women and 98 men aged 20–55 years. The authors of the study used the survey’s results to determine empirically qualitative parameters and patterns in the interaction of personal identity and efficacy to accomplish meaningful life tasks. Using a multifactor hierarchical regression model, the regularities and subordinations between personality development against the processes of acceptance, deviation and effectiveness in realizing a meaningful life were substantiated. The correspondence between a meaningful life and the presence and development of personal qualities was determined by the one-factor analysis of variance. The results can be applied practically as a part of the preventive, diagnostic, and rehabilitation practices of psychologists in various spheres.
Keywords: personality, life-meaning tasks, personal identity, socialization, life-meaning state, development
Date of publication: Fall/Winter 2023 / Deadline: 30 June 2023

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Social Sciences, Psychology, Agricultural and Biological Sciences.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus Q(2-3); WoS (Emerging Sources Citation Index).

 

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#24-psy Prospects for the application of autobiographical data analysis in the study of personal life choices

Abstract: In human life, choice is a multidimensional psychological phenomenon. For many years, both national and foreign psychologists have devoted their works to the empirical study of choice. However, this concept continues to remain understudied, which is confirmed by the small number of extant empirical studies on choice and certain contradictions in terms [...] Load More of the approaches to its study. This paper aims to conceptually substantiate the prospects for the practical feasibility of analyzing autobiographical data while studying an individual’s life choices. The main research method adopted was the semi-structured interview, as it allows the creation of a more comfortable interviewing environment by providing the respondents with an opportunity to define, on their own, the situations that required them to make “life choices”; additionally, it facilitated a sufficiently profound reflection. In total, 44 respondents of different age groups, places of residence, professions, levels of education, and family status participated in the survey. The interview included 5–15 questions, which asked for a description of the situations in which the life choices were made and to determine their number, indicate significant moments in life, identify the peculiarities of these situations, etc. Thus, autobiographical data were obtained from the respondents relating to the situations demanding life choices and their impact on the life of the individual. The methods of frequency analysis and content analysis helped to empirically determine the following: (1) episodes of life choices (on average, 3 episodes); (2) age of the person while making a choice (26–45 years old for a majority of the respondents). Using the method of generalization, the authors of the paper systematized approaches to divide life episodes into “situations” and “storylines” as well as by life spheres (family, relationships, profession, place of life, finances, etc.). The content analysis method made it possible to determine the criteria for the respondents’ choice of episodes, as well as to form the patterns of the choices. As a result of the study different approaches to the representation and use of the set of autobiographical data concerning life choices in psychotherapy were grounded. The presented approach to data analysis allowed designating criteria and principles of selection of life choice episodes, to develop variants of categorization of the designated indicators, and to determine quantitative indicators characterizing and supplementing election patterns. The results received can be useful for psychotherapists, while also serve as a basis for refining the theoretical foundations of the problem of choice in a person’s life.
Keywords: life choice, interview, content-analysis, autobiographical data analysis, life situations
Date of publication: Fall/Winter 2023 / Deadline: 30 June 2023

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Social Sciences, Psychology, Agricultural and Biological Sciences.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus Q(2-3); WoS (Emerging Sources Citation Index).

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#23-psy Personal response to ego threats depends on the type of self-esteem.

Abstract: The relevance of this study is supported by the debate among scientists on the nature of the personal response to an ego-threatening situation, as well as its possible dependence on the type of self-esteem. The aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity and nature of participants’ responses to the situational ego threat depending on their type [...] Load More of self-esteem. This pedagogical experiment involved 231 university participants randomly selected from different departments and courses to ensure it was a representative sample. The experiment was conducted in three stages: (1) initial questioning, (2) the experiment itself, and (3) final questioning. The initial questionnaire was designed to determine the type of self-esteem, and the relationship between the personality and self-esteem, using a modified Mruk’s two-factor model of self-esteem, Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale, Schwarzer and Jerusalem’s generalized self-efficacy scale, and Crocker's scale. The experiment itself was implemented in the format of group tasks, followed by an anonymous mutual evaluation of the level of openness, sociability, creativity, and external attractiveness. In order to determine the participants’ responses to the situational ego threat in the form of negative feedback, deterministic evaluations were artificially lowered without informing the participants. The final questionnaire involved redetermining the type of self-esteem and assessing the participants’ responses to negative feedback using the questionnaire. SPSS 14.0 software processed the statistical analysis of the questionnaire results. The outcomes of the experiment confirmed the damaging influence of negative feedback on the participants’ self-esteem, and the connection between the type of self-esteem and the sensitivity of the response to an ego threat. The highest level of sensitivity to negative feedback was indicated among participants with a positive type of self-esteem, which manifested itself in a high level of self-esteem and self-efficacy. Participants with a moderate and defensive type of self-esteem were characterized by a lower level of sensitivity. The study approach to determine the type of self-esteem, the assessment of the individual’s response to ego threats, and identifying the relationship between them, can improve the methodology of future studies on self-esteem and its manifestation under the destructive influence of the external environment and social evaluations.
Keywords: self-esteem, self-respect, self-efficacy, ego threat, response, sensitivity, experiment, questionnaire
Date of publication: Fall/Winter 2023 / Deadline: 30 June 2023

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Social Sciences, Psychology, Agricultural and Biological Sciences.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus Q(2-3); WoS (Emerging Sources Citation Index).

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Sociology

#8-soc Manifestations of youth social dependency in conditions of different levels of social welfare

Abstract: Permanent transformational processes provoked by fundamental changes in the situation of all social groups in modern society, and especially of young people, are responsible for significant difficulties in the process of life self-determination. The essence of this problem consists in the contradiction between the urgent need of young people to choose [...] Load More a status role and to acquire sustainable social positions. The social development of society as a whole depends on the status of young people and their image. Therefore, it is particularly important in this aspect to understand and define the current problems of modern youth. The purpose of this study was to systematize the problems of young people's social life, depending on the conditions of social welfare. With the help of the inductive generalization method, comparative characterization of qualitative social and economic conditions and social welfare of youth on the example of China, Russia, and Great Britain, as countries with different levels of development, has been implemented. With the use of the statistical data binning method, the main gender and age characteristics of the population and its structure in the countries under study for the period 1990-2019, depending on the type of social policy of the state, have been identified. The phenomenon of dependency as the main stereotype of youth behavior has been substantiated as a result of the modern social policy of general welfare. By conducting a sociological questionnaire of young people, the main problems of social character in each of the countries under study in the current conditions of the policy of general welfare have been identified. With the help of the expert evaluation method, the commonality of the phenomenon of social dependency inherent to young people in Russia, Great Britain, and China has been determined. At the same time, the fact of the existence of social dependency of young people is considered to be a negative consequence of the social policy of the state. As a rule, it is associated with poverty and is reduced to unilateral granting of social benefits by the state. The heterogeneous forms of its manifestation in the life of young people and the reasons for its emergence and popularization depending on the level of social welfare of young people have been revealed and argued. Different scales of its spreading, as well as content diversity of social dependency manifestation among young people as a separate social group have been determined. The positive and negative aspects of methods of the state social policy in the fighting against the phenomenon of dependency among young people in China, Great Britain, and Russia have been analyzed. The comparative characterization of the effectiveness of social policies in the countries under study has been conducted. The possibility of implementing best practices has been considered as well. The results of the study may be useful for the government sector in developing the mainstream of the government's social policy to work with such a socio-demographic group as young people.
Keywords: young people, social welfare policy, phenomenon of dependency, state, socio-demographic group.
Date of publication: Summer 2023 / Deadline: 31 March 2023

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Social Sciences, Psychology, Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Neuroscience, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus Q2-3; WoS (Emerging Sources Citation Index).

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Economics

#2-ec Polymodel complex of evaluating the expediency of attracting credit resources by a production enterprise

Abstract: Ensuring the efficiency of credit resources management of the enterprise on the basis of optimization of the volume of their attraction is highly relevant, as the unjustified attraction of credit resources leads to an increase in financial costs and a decrease in the level of financial capacity; failure to use credit resources in turn reduces the production [...] Load More and financial potential of the enterprise. The purpose of this research is to develop a decision-making tool based on an assessment of the expediency of attracting credit resources. The paper builds a set of deterministic models of credit resources management used to finance the inventory of the production enterprise, taking into account the risk; dynamic models of credit resources management and management of production and financial activities of the enterprise. The proposed model of credit management is an optimization model that reflects the pattern of decision-making on the expediency and the necessary volumes of credit, based on the availability of working capital, inventories, production potential, and creditworthiness of the enterprise, market conditions, which determines the demand for products, the cost of credit and inflation. The target parameter of the optimization model is the maximization of marginal income from manufactured products, which, taking into account the risk factor, is transformed into a two-criterion indicator: the maximization of mathematical expectation of marginal income and minimize the risk of profitability of the production program. The construction of dynamic models is based on the assumption of continuity of the credit attraction intensity functions, the supply of material resources, and the production throughout the planning horizon. The combination of optimization and dynamic models allowed us to build an analytical tool for managing credit resources, which, in turn, allows deciding on the expediency of attracting credit resources. This decision maximizes the marginal income taking into account the dynamics of the studied parameters. The polymodel complex was tested on the example of Robert Bosch AG. The directions of optimization of production potential and production program were proposed, the expediency of attracting credit resources was estimated, which allowed maximizing the gross profit of the company taking into account the market demand for products. MS Excel program helped making calculations. Received results have applied character and can be used at definition of strategy of management of material resources of the enterprise on the basis of optimization of volumes and structure of sources of financing in the conditions of risk connected with probabilistic character of reception of income at economic uncertainty on meso- and macrolevel.
Keywords: credit resources, material resources, margin income, risk, demand
Date of publication: Summer 2023 / Deadline: 31 March 2023

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Social Sciences, Environmental Science, Management.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus (Q1-2), WoS (Social Sciences Citation Index, Q2-3, Science Citation Index Expanded Q2-3), IF 3.2.

 

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#9-ec Clarification of the economic content of bank insurance from the standpoint of the combinatorial approach

Abstract: In the context of progressive globalization of the financial market, business processes are scaled up, while financial intermediaries are forced to use various modified forms of implementation and functioning. This in turn leads to the emergence and development of a new terminological apparatus both in pure economic science and in financial practice. [...] Load More Especially in financial studies, the terms are particularly unambiguous, so specific requirements are imposed on their coinage. Inaccuracy in the use of terms has a detrimental effect on economic theory, as it is easy even for a highly competent expert to get confused in their large number and meaning of the terms themselves, which often leads to erroneous conclusions and wrong decisions. The purpose of this study is to clarify the content of the economic definition of “bank insurance” as a complex concept of commercial cooperation of financial intermediaries in terms of a combinatorial approach. The literature review and deconstruction method were used to analyze and generalize the conceptual approaches to the formulation of the economic content of bank insurance (the process of risk insurance, the implementation of insurance services for bank funds, the integration of commercial cooperation between banking institutions and insurance companies, the accumulation of one client base of financial intermediaries). It has been determined that despite the fact that the approach is debatable, the most general aspect in interpreting this definition is its consideration within the framework of the concept of commercial cooperation and strategic partnership. Using the content analysis, alternative theories were identified to formulate strategic partnership as a socio-economic category. The main economic subjects of commercial cooperation in the conditions of transformation of financial intermediation, conditions of their mutual interests and mechanism of interaction are substantiated. Taking into account the method of deductive communication and aspect analysis, the refined concept of “bank insurance” was formulated from the position of mutual interests of banking institutions, insurance companies and their functional purpose. The structural and functional model of commercial cooperation between banking institutions and insurance companies under the conditions of combinatorial interaction of bank insurance has been developed by applying the method of appercipitation. The obtained results have conceptual character and serious scientific substantiation. They can serve as a basis for leveling out discrepancies and inaccuracies in the terms of economic theory, as well as contribute to a more meaningful outline of science-based approaches to their use and interpretation.
Keywords: commercial cooperation, banking insurance, financial intermediaries, formulation, combinatorial approach
Date of publication: Summer 2023 / Deadline: 31 March 2023

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Social Sciences, Environmental Science, Management.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus (Q1-2), WoS (Social Sciences Citation Index, Q2-3, Science Citation Index Expanded Q2-3), IF 3.2.

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