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Architecture

#2-arch First Civilizations and their Architectural Phenomenon

Abstract: There have been around 150 primeval civilizations of differing sizes present in the lower point of Murgab river's ancient delta in Southern Turkmenistan, dating back to the middle and late bronze age, along with several contemporary monuments discovered in southern Uzbekistan's Amur-Darya and northern Afghanistan region. These settlements are credited [...] Load More for supplying the amazing material to build the new world, marking architectural history's prominence. According to Ancient Mesopotamian history, all of the settlements discovered belonged to the Bactrian-Margiana archaeological complex (BMAK), also known as the Oxis Civilization. These were fragments of the micro-oases or norms. There are strong signs of religious and administrative institutions in a few of them, very different from the neighboring residential buildings. Archaeologists who found and excavated these artifacts identified the sources of influence and the evolution of local building activities. It is key to note that the borrowings from the Mesopotamia, Indus Civilization, and the Syro Anatolian world were tried to uncover in an attempt. The extent to which the BMAK has penetrated ancient and medieval architecture in Iran and Central Asia has been determined. There are, however, more questions than their responses available. The article summarizes the structures examined, allowing readers to see where the key architecture and concepts of planning dominated in the pre-Achaemenid era. The BMAC's origin is a controversial topic, and we can only speculate as to who were the people of pre-writing culture, where they came from, and what kind of images aided as benchmarks in construction so far. There is a large proportion of poorly presented facts in the historiography of the ancient world's architecture and should be taken into account in terms of functional, technical, and social aspects. However, an attempt has been made to outline the study's summary, which helps to understand the monumental architecture's odds and ends. The uniqueness of the architecture of Bactrian-Margiana reflects an innovative structure that was missing earlier. These are "fortresses" with round or rectangular towers around the boundary walls, at the corners, and a circular plan, that differs from former Eneolithic structures by the detailed structure of geometric shapes and the willingness to pursue symmetry rules. These structures became more popular in the later centuries when other appreciated forms of BMAK material culture were no longer remembered. The ancient fortification canon was replicated only in later architectural eras, from Eastern Hellenism to the 19th century Vernacular. It is key to note that all of the monuments highlighted in the study clearly demonstrate the roots of monumentality in the architectural design of primary agricultural civilizations that emerged on the outskirts of the ancient Eastern world and had never come across a scale geometrics' like this before. This was facilitated by a significant shift in local communities' social life, which have amassed the necessary material and intellectual capital to carry out astonishing construction projects. Monumentality became a formal property of high-class residence and religious structures reflecting cultural mutation in the course of joining Margiana and Bactria in a comprehensive network of region-to-region contacts. Around the turn of the III-II millennia BC, the BMAK's representative architecture was notable creativity, and it faded from view, leaving dead temples substituted by fortified palace buildings. When the conditions' unity that determined its presence was disrupted, this civilization perished.
Keywords: Central Asia, the Oxus Civilization, Bronze Age, monumentality, representative architecture.
Date of publication: March 2024 / Deadline: 25 October 2023

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Architecture, Social Sciences.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus (Q2-3).

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Education

#46-edu Effective technologies for the development of ethno-cultural competencies in vocational education

Abstract: In modern conditions, due to the change of educational paradigms, there is an increased contradiction between the demand of and the state of education. This contradiction can be seen between the modern tasks of implementation and the preservation of the pedagogical potential of ethno-cultural activities. Ethno-cultural subjects include the basic national [...] Load More values and the originality of cultural, historical, and spiritual activities of a particular country or region. Currently, there is insufficient use of pedagogical design technologies in the system of education. The purpose of this study was to substantiate effective pedagogical technologies for the development of ethno-cultural competencies in the system of secondary vocational education. Using the content analysis method, the pedagogical definition of ethno-cultural educational technologies and their functional purpose in the conditions of secondary vocational education were revealed. Analysis of recent academic literature provided a theoretical interpretation of the fundamental tasks of ethno-cultural instruction in the secondary vocational education system. Analysis of the current state of ethno-cultural pedagogical technologies in the education system, particularly in colleges, was presented. The conclusion was that in current secondary vocational education, the active use of ethno-cultural educational technologies is an integral part of the formation and preservation of regional culture. It was demonstrated by the deductive analysis method that ethno-cultural technologies in the secondary vocational education system are effective in the formation of art, folk art, and craft skills. The system of criteria for evaluating the level of ethno-cultural competencies was developed by the constructive analysis method. In this experiment, various ethno-cultural pedagogical technologies were introduced at the College of Technology and Design, and competence levels were assessed before and after. The most effective pedagogical technologies and techniques, in promoting the development of ethno-cultural competencies, were those that resolved problems in teaching methods and were based on an interactive model of future professional activity. These results have value as they will be useful in improving the effectiveness of the instructional process in the education system. This may serve as a basis for younger generations to assimilate the cultural heritage and national identity of their ancestors.
Keywords: secondary vocational education, ethno-cultural competencies, ethno-cultural education, students, pedagogical experiment, pedagogical technologies
Date of publication: March 2024 / Deadline: 25 October 2023

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Social Sciences.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus (Q2), Web of Science (Emerging Sources Citation Index).

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#43-edu An Approach to Assessing School Performance (study of experiences in countries (to be determined based on the team of authors)

Abstract: This research topic is relevant, as significant changes, which can be characterized as systemic, are taking place in school education. As a result of recent government reforms decentralizing the school education system and the introduction of a program-targeted method of management, there has been a decrease in the level of academic achievement and [...] Load More an increase in differentiation among students of primary and secondary schools from various social strata. The purpose of this study was to develop a methodological approach to assessing the effectiveness of the functioning of schools, considering the identification of the factors of their effectiveness. Based on an unbalanced panel of data on school performance indicators for the 2015–2019 period, a comparative characteristic of the performance of commercial and public schools was carried out according to the average value of those performance levels. The formalization method helped explain the content of the indicator of competition as a leading factor in assessing the effectiveness of schools with balancing the indicator and size. The competition indicator within the framework of this study intended to reflect the qualitative parameters of the interaction between the performance of the studied schools and the level of their competitiveness in the national educational system. In addition, a system of school effectiveness indicators was introduced that characterized the type and policy of the school and socio-economic indicators of their position. Empirically, based on a multivariate panel regression model with random effects, a model for assessing efficiency factors was developed for the resulting indicator of efficiency: a student’s test scores in mathematics. This made it possible to assess the nature and degree of influence of efficiency factors in general, and differentiate depending on the category of the school, be it state, non-profit or commercial, as well as on the school’s socio-economic state. With the help of stochastic frontier analysis, a model for evaluating the effectiveness schools was developed based on deterministic performance factors, and an empirical analysis of the studied schools was carried out. This approach made it possible to counteract the statement about significant volatility in the level of school efficiency, determined using regression analysis. The results obtained made it possible to reveal relationship patterns between the efficiency factors of the functioning of schools, depending on their type. These results can be used by government bodies in developing strategic directions for increasing the efficiency of school education and the redistribution of funds between schools. They can also serve as a reference source for parents of children when choosing a school.
Keywords: Sweden, commercial schools, effectiveness, factors, state schools, competition
Date of publication: March 2024 / Deadline: 25 October 2023

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Social Sciences.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus (Q2), Web of Science (Emerging Sources Citation Index).

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Philosophy

#35-edu Conceptual analysis of philosophical concepts of time awareness

Abstract: Human life and activity cannot run without contact with the reality of time. Both time and its awareness, as well as its rational use, are dynamic phenomena, which argues for the high interest in them from the viewpoint of psychology, philosophy, and other sciences. All this determines the need for a deeper scientific study and philosophical understanding [...] Load More of time and the problem of its perception. The statement of the problem of studying time awareness in the context of probability and vectors of determining the behavior of a modern person becomes even more actual. The purpose of this paper is a conceptual analysis of the essence and characteristics of time awareness in philosophical theories and problems of objectivity of time. The diachronic method and content analysis helped analyze the essential characteristics of the definition of “time” and the meaningfulness of the concept of time awareness from the standpoint of an interdisciplinary approach in the study of this category in physics, psychology, and philosophy. The psychological approach to the study of time was excluded as, depending on the context of the philosophical concept, the understanding of time awareness becomes significantly modified. The methods of deconstruction and deductive analysis within the framework of the philosophical concepts of time allowed revealing that the category of the duration of processes in most cases correlates with the philosophical concept of space (properties of an object) and are considered by scientists as structural objects of the material world and forms of being. The axiomatic method, based on the results of the analysis of the philosophical concepts of the consciousness of time, made it possible to substantiate the main contradictions in the study of time from the point of view of an interdisciplinary approach, which consists of the approaches of the associative application of the modes “past,” “present”, and “future” to the time in relation to the collective and individual unconscious. This determines the search for an unambiguous understanding of the reality of being. The parameters of understanding the objectivity and subjectivity of time are grounded by logical inference. The obtained results within the framework of the research have a conceptual character and can serve as a basis for: 1) improving the theoretical foundations of the study of general and specific properties of time awareness; 2) development of a synthetic approach for comprehending and conceptualizing the concept of time, proceeding from the idea of the unity and integrity of the world.
Keywords: time, time awareness, philosophical framework, psychology, physics, being, space, reality, interdisciplinarity
Date of publication: March 2024 / Deadline: 25 October 2023

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Arts and Humanities.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus Q(2); WoS (Emerging Sources Citation Index).

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Education

#28-edu An approach to assessing the readiness of university lecturers to develop meta-competencies

Abstract: The increasing informatization of society qualitatively creates new requirements not only for individuals but also for professional higher education. In the current situation, the training of future experts therefore demands flexibility in the educational strategies and pedagogical tactics in higher education institutions. The efficacy of professional [...] Load More training can be ensured by enforcing organizational and pedagogical conditions, in particular the ability of lecturers to develop meta-competencies, to perceive their external environment with self-awareness, to act independently, and to respond to rapidly changing professional situations. The paper aims to develop an approach to assess lecturers’ readiness to develop meta-competencies within the higher education system. The analysis of recent academic literature and the method of deductive inference helped form a system of qualitative measures for the identification of quantitative parameters that assess the readiness level of lecturers for the continuous development of professional skills and self-education in line with the current trends in socio-economic development. The assessment indicators were developed taking into account the integrated approach and reflected the following parameters of professional development and formed competencies of higher education teachers: value-motivational, instrumental-digital, research, evaluation-analytical, interactive-communication, and academic-entrepreneurial. The face-to-face questionnaire method allowed for the quantitative assessment of the teachers’ current state and level of readiness for continued professional development. The respondents consisted of 120 employees of the university teaching staff. The levels of acquired professional skills and readiness to develop meta-competencies were determined. The results of the questionnaire’s evaluation indicators were assessed using the correlation analysis and graph methods. The outcome offered an explanation for the characteristic interdependencies between the parameters of professional skills and the professional development of higher education lecturers. According to the results of correlation analysis, a complete set of directly proportional relations was established between all the investigated components of university teachers’ readiness to develop meta-competencies. This confirms the potential for meta-competence development of university lecturers, taking into account the available empirical assessments of their readiness for continuous professional development. The research findings can be useful for universities in creating conditions for the lecturers’ meta-competence development, improving the quality of the educational process in line with current trends in social development.
Keywords: meta-competence, professional development, lecturer, higher education system, skills, readiness, competence, higher education institution
Date of publication: March 2024 / Deadline: 25 October 2023

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Social Sciences.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus (Q2); WoS (Emerging Sources Citation Index).

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Psychology

#25-psy Meaningful Life Tasks in the Context of the Development of Personal Characteristics

Abstract: Today, the process of socialization is accompanied by an instability of personal values and an uncertainty about life’s meaning and purpose. The problem of overcoming this psychological contradiction, against the need, possibility and necessity to live a meaningful life, is becoming increasingly important in the context of personal and social development. [...] Load More Therefore, researching psychological indicators of personal development is of special interest in this study. The aim of the paper is to empirically prove the interaction between personal identity and the ability to accomplish meaningful life tasks, based on a method of apperception. Characteristics of crucial life tasks, as well as contradictions affecting personality formation through socialization, were identified, and parameters around personality development and forms of meaningful life experiences were established. Analysis of these specifications helped clarify the definition of a meaningful life-state through a systematic framework of the subjective properties of personality development through socialization. Questionnaire methods, and psychodiagnostic techniques to ascertain personality characteristics, formed a sample of indices for empirical evaluation. This was to identify any correlation between a person's psychological state and their ability to perform meaningful life tasks. A representative sample of respondents included 142 women and 98 men aged 20–55 years. The authors of the study used the survey’s results to determine empirically qualitative parameters and patterns in the interaction of personal identity and efficacy to accomplish meaningful life tasks. Using a multifactor hierarchical regression model, the regularities and subordinations between personality development against the processes of acceptance, deviation and effectiveness in realizing a meaningful life were substantiated. The correspondence between a meaningful life and the presence and development of personal qualities was determined by the one-factor analysis of variance. The results can be applied practically as a part of the preventive, diagnostic, and rehabilitation practices of psychologists in various spheres.
Keywords: personality, life-meaning tasks, personal identity, socialization, life-meaning state, development
Date of publication: March 2024 / Deadline: 25 October 2023

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Psychology.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus Q(2); WoS (Social Sciences Citation Index), IF>3.5

 

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#24-psy Prospects for the application of autobiographical data analysis in the study of personal life choices

Abstract: In human life, choice is a multidimensional psychological phenomenon. For many years, both national and foreign psychologists have devoted their works to the empirical study of choice. However, this concept continues to remain understudied, which is confirmed by the small number of extant empirical studies on choice and certain contradictions in terms [...] Load More of the approaches to its study. This paper aims to conceptually substantiate the prospects for the practical feasibility of analyzing autobiographical data while studying an individual’s life choices. The main research method adopted was the semi-structured interview, as it allows the creation of a more comfortable interviewing environment by providing the respondents with an opportunity to define, on their own, the situations that required them to make “life choices”; additionally, it facilitated a sufficiently profound reflection. In total, 44 respondents of different age groups, places of residence, professions, levels of education, and family status participated in the survey. The interview included 5–15 questions, which asked for a description of the situations in which the life choices were made and to determine their number, indicate significant moments in life, identify the peculiarities of these situations, etc. Thus, autobiographical data were obtained from the respondents relating to the situations demanding life choices and their impact on the life of the individual. The methods of frequency analysis and content analysis helped to empirically determine the following: (1) episodes of life choices (on average, 3 episodes); (2) age of the person while making a choice (26–45 years old for a majority of the respondents). Using the method of generalization, the authors of the paper systematized approaches to divide life episodes into “situations” and “storylines” as well as by life spheres (family, relationships, profession, place of life, finances, etc.). The content analysis method made it possible to determine the criteria for the respondents’ choice of episodes, as well as to form the patterns of the choices. As a result of the study different approaches to the representation and use of the set of autobiographical data concerning life choices in psychotherapy were grounded. The presented approach to data analysis allowed designating criteria and principles of selection of life choice episodes, to develop variants of categorization of the designated indicators, and to determine quantitative indicators characterizing and supplementing election patterns. The results received can be useful for psychotherapists, while also serve as a basis for refining the theoretical foundations of the problem of choice in a person’s life.
Keywords: life choice, interview, content-analysis, autobiographical data analysis, life situations
Date of publication: March 2024 / Deadline: 25 October 2023

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Psychology.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus Q(2); WoS (Social Sciences Citation Index), IF>3.5

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#23-psy Personal response to ego threats depends on the type of self-esteem.

Abstract: The relevance of this study is supported by the debate among scientists on the nature of the personal response to an ego-threatening situation, as well as its possible dependence on the type of self-esteem. The aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity and nature of participants’ responses to the situational ego threat depending on their type [...] Load More of self-esteem. This pedagogical experiment involved 231 university participants randomly selected from different departments and courses to ensure it was a representative sample. The experiment was conducted in three stages: (1) initial questioning, (2) the experiment itself, and (3) final questioning. The initial questionnaire was designed to determine the type of self-esteem, and the relationship between the personality and self-esteem, using a modified Mruk’s two-factor model of self-esteem, Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale, Schwarzer and Jerusalem’s generalized self-efficacy scale, and Crocker's scale. The experiment itself was implemented in the format of group tasks, followed by an anonymous mutual evaluation of the level of openness, sociability, creativity, and external attractiveness. In order to determine the participants’ responses to the situational ego threat in the form of negative feedback, deterministic evaluations were artificially lowered without informing the participants. The final questionnaire involved redetermining the type of self-esteem and assessing the participants’ responses to negative feedback using the questionnaire. SPSS 14.0 software processed the statistical analysis of the questionnaire results. The outcomes of the experiment confirmed the damaging influence of negative feedback on the participants’ self-esteem, and the connection between the type of self-esteem and the sensitivity of the response to an ego threat. The highest level of sensitivity to negative feedback was indicated among participants with a positive type of self-esteem, which manifested itself in a high level of self-esteem and self-efficacy. Participants with a moderate and defensive type of self-esteem were characterized by a lower level of sensitivity. The study approach to determine the type of self-esteem, the assessment of the individual’s response to ego threats, and identifying the relationship between them, can improve the methodology of future studies on self-esteem and its manifestation under the destructive influence of the external environment and social evaluations.
Keywords: self-esteem, self-respect, self-efficacy, ego threat, response, sensitivity, experiment, questionnaire
Date of publication: March 2024 / Deadline: 25 October 2023

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Psychology.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus Q(2); WoS (Social Sciences Citation Index), IF>3.5

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Education

#22-edu Comparative assessment of approaches to professional development of civil servants

Abstract: Given the decreased level of credibility of civil servants, there is the need to find effective approaches to the assessment and development of their professional qualities. This study is a critical analysis of the essence of the competence approach and the approach of professionally relevant qualities, as well as their significance and prospects for [...] Load More use in the professional formation and development of civil servants. The paper considers the prerequisites for the formation of the approaches under study, which allows the authors to identify the crucial characteristics that form the basis for a comparative assessment. The development of the phenomenon of professionally relevant qualities using the method of historical chronology embraces the transition from the professiographic approach (the essence of this phenomenon is understood as a set of exclusively professional qualities) to the liberal (with an emphasis on personal qualities) and integral approach. According to the integral approach, professionally relevant qualities are a set of psychophysiological and psychological abilities that are formed in the process of professional activity, which is similar to the understanding of the main concepts of the competence approach. Using the methods of theoretical generalization and systematization, a critical analysis of the fundamental concepts of “competences” and “professionally relevant qualities” in terms of their nature, development factors, subjective components, methodological support, and manifestation of the phenomenon was carried out. According to the results of the analysis, a higher degree of formalization is established when using the competence approach, which is focused on solving specific, practical tasks and presents the possibility of quantitative measurement of the studied characteristics, determining their qualitative levels with the given quantitative classification criteria. In contrast to the competence approach, the approach of professionally relevant qualities is more subjective, which is confirmed by the high variability of scientists’ opinions regarding the priority set of professional qualities and requirements for their level and the lack of possibility of their quantitative measurement. In spite of the high degree of variability in the approach of professionally relevant qualities, the fundamental professional requirements are outdated and weakly correlated with volatile environmental conditions, which indicates the low mobility and adaptability of the approach. The results of the conducted critical analysis allow us to identify strong and weak points in the approaches to the professional formation, and the development of civil servants is the theoretical basis for the development and implementation of progressive programs of professional development of employees, focused on the provisions of the competence approach and modern requirements of the environment.
Keywords: competence, professionally relevant qualities, civil servants, development
Date of publication: March 2024 / Deadline: 25 October 2023

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Social Sciences.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus (Q2); WoS (Emerging Sources Citation Index).

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#18-edu A procedural approach to assessing the quality of industrial translation

Abstract: The importance of translation in achieving personal and professional goals gives rise to the issue of quality. Low-quality translation leads to erroneous opinions, illogical conclusions, and, as a consequence, all kinds of communicative losses. The aim of this research was to develop an approach to assessing the quality of industrial translation on [...] Load More the basis of structural and functional modeling. To form the theoretical foundation of the research, the authors analyzed approaches to the definition of translation quality and accuracy, with the following criteria as reference: the identities of source and target texts, the accomplishment of the translation task, and the guarantee of the functional equivalence and pragmatic value of translation. The analysis enabled the authors to substantiate the expediency of using the communicative–functional approach in assessing translation quality. The analysis enabled the proposal of a methodological approach to evaluating the quality of industrial translation, and this approach is a combination of structural–functional modeling and survey methods. To model the process by which translation quality is assessed and optimized in the long term, the authors used structural and functional modeling (IDEF0 notation), which facilitated modeling the process being investigated in the form of consecutive stages, with an indication of input and output resources, a control unit (regulations and standards governing quality assessment), and arrangement (subjects implementing each stage of translation and the computer programs that they use). The main parameters of the structural and functional model of industrial translation quality assessment, which is understood as a translation production process, were determined with a survey. The survey was administered to representatives of companies providing professional translation services and translators working on a contractual basis. The results showed that determinants of the quality of industrial translation are translators, project managers, editors, and clients as well as software that is used in translation and quality evaluation, national standards, and intracompany directives and instructions that regulate the quality of translation. The authors then specified the sequence of stages for implementing translation and quality evaluation—stages that constituted the preliminary, main, and final stages of the process. The model constructed for the evaluation of industrial translation quality enables the optimization of the process being researched by eliminating weak points. The proposed procedural approach can serve as a basis for assessing and managing quality not only for industrial translation but also for other types of translation.
Keywords: industrial translation, quality, structural–functional model, survey, procedural approach
Date of publication: March 2024 / Deadline: 25 October 2023

Journal title: available for those who has paid.

Region of the journal publication: Europe.

Scientific field: Social Sciences.

Indexing of the journal: Scopus Q1.

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